President Joe Biden昨天发行了行政命令that could lead to the US creating a digital currency.
该行政命令说：“我的政府将研发工作最高的紧迫性进入了美国CBDC（中央银行数字货币）的潜在设计和部署方案。”“这些努力应包括对消费者，投资者和企业的可能利益和风险的评估；财务稳定性和系统性风险；支付系统；国家安全;行使人权的能力；财务包容和公平；如果认为这是符合国家利益的，则启动美国CBDC所需的行动。”
Biden's order said a US-issued digital currency could be used to “support efficient and low-cost transactions, particularly for cross‑border funds transfers and payments, and to foster greater access to the financial system, with fewer of the risks posed by private sector-administered digital assets” such as比特币and other加密货币。但是，“有可能考虑的潜在风险和缺点”，拜登下令联邦机构在六个月内准备报告，以分析含义。白宫说，有100多个国家已经在“探索或驾驶” CBDC。
Biden alsoorderedgovernment agencies to develop policies for managing cryptocurrencies that already exist. “The rise in digital assets creates an opportunity to reinforce American leadership in the global financial system and at the technological frontier, but also has substantial implications for consumer protection, financial stability, national security, and climate risk,” the White House said. Biden's order “encourages regulators to ensure sufficient oversight and safeguard against any systemic financial risks posed by digital assets.”
Biden's order noted that “negative气候影响and environmental pollution ... may result from some cryptocurrencymining。” There would be no need for mining with a digital currency issued by a central bank.
Bitcoin's price was up 8 percent Wednesday, and other cryptocurrencies rose as Biden's order “appeared to take a supportive stance toward the industry,”CNBC wrote。Bitcoin's price has been highly volatile, as it “began the pandemic at $7,300, peaked at around $68,000 before falling back down to about $39,000,” a Biden administration official noted in a与记者打电话on Tuesday.
The Federal Reserve解释中央银行的数字货币“通常被定义为中央银行的数字责任，该数字责任可向公众广泛使用。”这与美国的两种当前类型的中央银行货币形成鲜明对比：“美联储在美联储持有的美联储和数字余额发行的实体货币”，美联储常问问题said.
“While Americans have long held money predominantly in digital form—for example in bank accounts, payment apps, or through online transactions—a CBDC would differ from existing digital money available to the general public because a CBDC would be a liability of the Federal Reserve, not of a commercial bank,” the Federal Reserve says. Because it would be a liability of the Federal Reserve, “a CBDC would be the safest digital asset available to the general public, with no associated credit or liquidity risk.”
A US-issued digital currency would in some ways be similar to stablecoins that are pegged to the value of the dollar. A major difference is that CBDCs would be issued by the Federal Reserve itself.
